Coagulation floculation pdf

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Coagulation floculation pdf

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Large surface from potable water. The collision of particles can take place under The significance of coagulation – flocculation in the area of water and wastewater treatment is reviewed and evaluated, emphasizing on the series of applications – Destabilization (or Coagulation)reduce the forces acting to keep the particles apart after they contact each other (i.e., lower repulsion forces). Chemistry, Handling/Storage, Dilution Water, and Optimized Mixing. It is the logical step following coagulation This chapter contains sections titled: Role of Coagulation and Flocculation Processes in Water Treatment Stability of Particles in Water Coagulation Theory Coagulation Practice Coagulation Organic and inorganic Could be microorganisms. o. This Coagulation & Flocculation. Yong Kim, Ph.D. COAGULATION Coagulant chemicals with charges opposite those of the suspended solids are added to the water to neutralize the negative charges on non-settlable solids (such as clay and color-producing Flocculation is the step where destabilized colloidal particles (or the particles formed during the coagulation step) are assembled into aggregatesBasic principle of flocculation: The flocculation step can only operate on a water/wastewater where the particles are already destabilized. – Flocculation – process of Coagulation and Flocculation in Water and Wastewater Treatment provides a comprehensive account of coagulation and flocculation techniques and technologies in Coagulants work by creating a chemical reaction and eliminating the negative charges that cause particles to repel each other. o. Enhanced coagulation is an effective method to prepare the water for the removal of certain con- Rapid Mixing and Flocculation Rapid mixing is used to: Disperse chemicals uniformly throughout the mixing basin Allow adequate contact between the coagulant and particles Microflocs are produced Flocculation is used to: Agglomerate microflocs to larger ones MaCourtesy: Dr. Arvind Nema If coagulation is incomplete, flocculation step will be unsuccessful, and if flocculation is incomplete, sedimentation will be unsuccessful. CE Coagulation Targeting removal of colloids in water and wastewater Colloid characteristics: oto mm. Practical Ways to Improve Performance – Flocculation Gentle agitation and mixing of the coagulated water to encourage the development of larger flocs that can subsequently be settled out of the water. o. Two Coagulation and flocculation tanks: This step in the process, where colloids and/or destabilized particles react with the reagents, takes place in basins or tanks of many Flocculation consists of collision of destabilized particles or pin-fl ocs (obtained by coagulation) to form settleable fl ocs. However, more recently, coagulation has been shown to be an effec-tive process for the removal of many other contaminants that can be adsorbed by col-loids such as metals, toxic organic matter, viruses, and radionuclides (1,2). The coagulant-source water mixture is then slowly Coagulation is defined as the addition of a chemical to a colloidal dispersion, which results in particle destabilisation by the reduction in forces, which tend to keep particles apart Coagulation and flocculation provide the water treat-ment process by which finely divided suspended and colloidal matter in the water is made to agglomerate and form flocs. Will not settle by gravity. Represent a significant fraction of the dispersed solids in raw water and wastewater. Polymer Fundamentals of Flocculation. o.